One-dimensional(1D)nanomaterials,such as nanowires,nanorods,nanobelts, and nanotubes(length in several micormeter)have been fabricated through self-assembly technique.Electrospinning have been proven to be a versatile and effective method for manufacturing a sheet of microscale to nanoscale continous composite ultrafine fibers with the combination of the semiconductor with the polymer. As an important embranchment of nanocomposites,these nanocomposites that adulterated semiconductor nanoparticle with polymer nanofibers have the potential applications in various fields.The organometallic approach has been exploited to controllable synthesis highly monodisperse CdS quantum dots in non-coordinating solvents octadecene.A good optical properity and obvious quantum confinement effect for CdS nanoparticle was observed by UV-Vis absorption and fluorescence spectrum.Characterization on the morphology,structure and size distribution of core-shell nanocrystals has been performed with X-ray diffraction(XRD),transmission electronic microscopy(TEM), dynamic light scattering size analyzer and select area electron diffraction.The results show that the CdS nanoparticles of cubic blende have good homogeneity and uniform size distribution.The effects of growth/nuclei temperature,reaction time and oleic acid concentration on the growth kinetics,size and size dispersion were investigated.Zinc ethylxanthate was used as precursors to obtain highly luminescent CdS/ZnS core/shell nanocrystals.The results demonstrated that ZnS grew on the surface of the CdS.The resulting highly luminescent CdS/ZnS core/shell nanocrystals have good size dispersion homogeneity exhibiting narrow emission linewidths of 18-20 nm(FWHM) in the blue spectral region with quantum yield approach to 40%. Blending electrospinning of CdS nanoparticles with poly(ethylene oxide) solution was employed to fabricate ultrafine composite fibers.The results demonstrated QDs have homogeneous distribution and good optical performance in the PEO/CdS composite fibers due to the interactions between CdS and PEO.Besides,In comparion with the CdS/PEO composie solution and solvent casting PEO/CdS film, CdS nanoaprtucle embedding in polymer ultrafine fibers have uniform size distribution and high monodisperity.Fluorescence spectra of PEO ultrafine fibers incorporated with CdS mixtures of different sizes indicating the distribution of CdS QDs within the electrospun fibrous mat as good and uniform as that in solution.The photoluminescence(PL)intensity can be easily controlled on broad range by changing content of the CdS particles in the composite fibers.The electrospinning voltage was also found to play an important role on enhancing the passivation effect of PEO so as to enhance the band edge emission as well as weaken the trap state emission of CdS nanoparticles.The combination of PANI and CdS nanoparticles in PEO matrix was also electrospun into 1D ultrafine fiber.The introduction of conducting polymer PANI did not alter the dispersion nature of CdS in PEO matrix.However,the PL intensity of PEO/CdS composite fibers was enhanced by the addition of PANI.The energy levels of CdS and PANI matched properly and enable the transfer of the photo-generated electrons of PANI to the conduction band of CdS and the transfer of the photo-generated holes of PANI to the valence band of CdS.The photo-generated charge transfer mechanism was introduced to explain this enhancement effect.In summary,electrospinning has been proved to be a relatively simple and versatile method for generating 1D nanostructures from semiconductor nanoparticles and matrix polymers.The resulting PL nanocomposites will have a variety of applications in photoluminescent,electroluminescent,non-linear optical devices and photocathodes for solar cells.

One-dimensional(1D)nanomaterials,such as nanowires,nanorods,nanobelts, and nanotubes(length in several micormeter)have been fabricated through self-assembly technique.Electrospinning have been proven to be a versatile and effective method for manufacturing a sheet of microscale to nanoscale continous composite ultrafine fibers with the combination of the semiconductor with the polymer. As an important embranchment of nanocomposites,these nanocomposites that adulterated semiconductor nanoparticle with polymer nanofibers have the potential applications in various fields.The organometallic approach has been exploited to controllable synthesis highly monodisperse CdS quantum dots in non-coordinating solvents octadecene.A good optical properity and obvious quantum confinement effect for CdS nanoparticle was observed by UV-Vis absorption and fluorescence spectrum.Characterization on the morphology,structure and size distribution of core-shell nanocrystals has been performed with X-ray diffraction(XRD),transmission electronic microscopy(TEM), dynamic light scattering size analyzer and select area electron diffraction.The results show that the CdS nanoparticles of cubic blende have good homogeneity and uniform size distribution.The effects of growth/nuclei temperature,reaction time and oleic acid concentration on the growth kinetics,size and size dispersion were investigated.Zinc ethylxanthate was used as precursors to obtain highly luminescent CdS/ZnS core/shell nanocrystals.The results demonstrated that ZnS grew on the surface of the CdS.The resulting highly luminescent CdS/ZnS core/shell nanocrystals have good size dispersion homogeneity exhibiting narrow emission linewidths of 18-20 nm(FWHM) in the blue spectral region with quantum yield approach to 40%. Blending electrospinning of CdS nanoparticles with poly(ethylene oxide) solution was employed to fabricate ultrafine composite fibers.The results demonstrated QDs have homogeneous distribution and good optical performance in the PEO/CdS composite fibers due to the interactions between CdS and PEO.Besides,In comparion with the CdS/PEO composie solution and solvent casting PEO/CdS film, CdS nanoaprtucle embedding in polymer ultrafine fibers have uniform size distribution and high monodisperity.Fluorescence spectra of PEO ultrafine fibers incorporated with CdS mixtures of different sizes indicating the distribution of CdS QDs within the electrospun fibrous mat as good and uniform as that in solution.The photoluminescence(PL)intensity can be easily controlled on broad range by changing content of the CdS particles in the composite fibers.The electrospinning voltage was also found to play an important role on enhancing the passivation effect of PEO so as to enhance the band edge emission as well as weaken the trap state emission of CdS nanoparticles.The combination of PANI and CdS nanoparticles in PEO matrix was also electrospun into 1D ultrafine fiber.The introduction of conducting polymer PANI did not alter the dispersion nature of CdS in PEO matrix.However,the PL intensity of PEO/CdS composite fibers was enhanced by the addition of PANI.The energy levels of CdS and PANI matched properly and enable the transfer of the photo-generated electrons of PANI to the conduction band of CdS and the transfer of the photo-generated holes of PANI to the valence band of CdS.The photo-generated charge transfer mechanism was introduced to explain this enhancement effect.In summary,electrospinning has been proved to be a relatively simple and versatile method for generating 1D nanostructures from semiconductor nanoparticles and matrix polymers.The resulting PL nanocomposites will have a variety of applications in photoluminescent,electroluminescent,non-linear optical devices and photocathodes for solar cells.

The nanofibers with diameters in the range of 1~100 nm are interesting from both of the technological and the scientific points of view. Compare to the conventional fibers, the nanofibers shows many interesting features including the high surface-to-volume ratio, the high length-diameter ratio, the radius of curvature, and the good permeability. This dissertation is focused on the preparation and characterization of nanomaterial and nanofibers, especially the aligned nanofibers, so as to integrate the nanofibers align in the electric field. Two kinds of nanofibers, the PEO-b-PDMAEMA/PAN nanofibers and the cellulose nanocrystals, were successfully synthesized respectively through the electrospinning and the acid hydrolysis of filter paper. These two nanofibers were studied by 1H NMR, TGA, FT-IR, AFM, DSC, SEM, GPC, and POM.The polyelectrolyte (PEO-b-PDMAEMA) was successfully synthesized by atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP). Then linear bromoisobutyryl PEO macroinitiator (PEO-Br) was obtained by the modification of PEO by 2-bromoisobutyryl bromide. And the diblock copolymer PEO-b-PDMAEMA was successfully synthesized via ATRP in methanol. The PEO-b-PDMAEMA was confirmed by 1H NMR, GPC and FT-IR. The PEO-b-PDMAEMA/PAN solution was prepared by adding PEO-b-PDMAEMA and PAN to the DMF. The aligned PEO-b-PDMAEMA/PAN nanofibers were obtained by electrospinning the mix solution. Confirmed by Polarized Raman spectrum, the macroscopically align PEO-b-PDMAEMA/PAN nanofibers can also align PEO-b-PDMAEMA chains parallel to the fiber axis. In addition, the orientation of the PEO-b-PDMAEMA/PAN nanofibers in electric field was studied.A novel amphotropic polymer which could exhibit liquid crystalline behavior both in the solvent and in the heating process was synthesized through azo polymers grafting from cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs). The CNCs, prepared by acid hydrolysis of filter paper, were characterized by Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM). Poly{6-[4-(4-methoxyphenylazo)phenoxy] hexyl methacrylate}(PMMAZO), which was a liquid-crystalline polymers (LCP), was successfully to graft from CNC via Atom transfer radical polymerization. The structure and thermal properties of the PMMAZO-grafted CNC were investigated using FT-IR and TGA. Its phase structures and transitions were studied by DSC and POM. The experimental results showed that the PMMAZO-grafted CNC exhibited both types of liquid crystal formation, thermotropic as well as lyotropic. And the photos of AFM show the PMMAZO-grafted CNC is align the fiber axis parallel to electric field direction.

Information technology, biotechnology and nano-technology have been proved to be three major technologies which will bring a great impact on the future of mankind. Nano-technology will become the basal technology for information technology and biotechnology research in the future development. Electrospinning technique is a novel method to prepare nanaofibers. It is a process that polymer fibers （with diameter lower than 1000 nm and lengths up to kilometers） can be produced using static electricity of high-voltage to compel polymer solution （or polymer melt） to jet. The diameter of fibers produced by conventional spinning technology （wet spinning, dry spinning, melt spinning, gel spinning etc.） is from several to several hundred microns. However, the diameter of electrospinning fibers can be less than 100 nm. Because of its small size, the fiber has large specific surface area. In this paper, we fabricated the composite nanofibers by electrospinning technology. Then the gold is plated on the surface of these nanofibers by electroless plating. The metallized fibers have been characterized and the properties of these metallized fibers have also been investigated.（1） Polyacrylonitrile （PAN） nanofibers containing different amounts of gold salt have been prepared by electrospinning technique. After the gold salt was reduced by NaBH₄, the gold nanoparticles are formed. By using the gold nanoparticles as seeds, thin continuous gold films have been depositeded on the surface of PAN fibers through self-catalyzed reduction of chloroauric acid in solution. The gold-coated fibrous mats were characterized by using scanning electron microscopy （SEM）, transmission electron microscopy （TEM）, and X-ray diffractometer （XRD）. The conductivities of the fibrous mats increase with the amount of gold deposited on the fibers increase. The smooth continuous thin gold films tend to form on the fibers surface when the organic fibers contain more gold seeds, while coarse films tended to form on the fibers containing less gold seeds. The electrocatalytic activity of the fibrous mats electrodes towards the methanol oxidation in alkaline medium has been investigated, indicating that these electrodes exhibit higher electrocatalytic activity than pure gold electrode because of their three-dimensional structures. The results also indicate that the mats with smooth gold coating exhibit higher electrocatalytic activity than that with coarse gold coating.（2） Polyacrylonitrile fibers containing different amounts of gold nanoparticles （GNPs） have been prepared by electrospinning technique. Using the GNPs as seeds, thin continuous gold films have been deposited on the PAN nanofibers surface through self-catalyzed reduction of gold salt in solution. When these fibrous mats were thermally treated, the morphology of the fibers changed. The conductivities of the fibrous mats increase with the amount of gold deposited on the fibers increase, and they increased after the metallized mats treated at 280℃and 600℃, but decreased dramatically after treated at 900℃. The changes of the morphology were not only related to the temperature, but also to the amount of the gold seeds dispersed in the fibers and gold deposited on the fibers surface.（3） The polymethylmethacrylate/gold salt nanofibers were prepared by using electrospinning technique, and conductive continuous gold films have been successfully assembled on flexible electrospun PMMA ultrafine fibrous mat substrates containing gold nanoparticles reduced from a gold salt by filtering a HAuCl₄·2H₂O and NH₂OH·HCl solution through the mats. In this procedure, the gold particles already attached to the fiber surface grow through the surface-catalyzed reduction of Au³⁺ by hydroxylamine, and the enlarged gold particles increase the fraction of the surface covered with gold until a shiny continuous gold layer is formed on the fibrous mat. The conductivities of the fibrous mats increase with the amount of gold deposited on the fibers increase. The gold particles coalesce and form ultrafine gold fibers with a smooth surface after thermal treatment.（4） The polymethylmethacrylate/gold salt nanofibers were prepared by using electrospinning technique. Using the gold nanoparticles as seeds, the continuous gold films were deposited on the fibers surface by using self-catalysis solution method. The morphology of gold particles deposited on the organic fibers was adjusted by adding certain concentration of AgNO₃ into the plating solution. The optimum thorny gold films exhibit more surface-enhanced Raman scattering activity than the sphere gold particles deposited on the organic fibers.

The fiber morphology of electrospinning has a close relationship with solution properties, especially the degree of polymer-polymer chain entanglement. Uniform ultrafine fibers could be formed with strong chain entanglement easily. In the electrospinning process of bicomponent polymers, the lower viscosity phase tended to migrate to the walls of electrostatic jets by higher shear rate, while the higher viscosity phase located at the center belong to lower shear rate. Then, ultrafine fibers with core/sheath or co-continuous structures could be produced. The electrospun membrane composed of above fiber structures could show the more potential applications in biomedical materials, high-efficiency filters, and so on.In this study, poly(vinyl fluoride) (PVDF) solutions and PVDF/polyacrylonitrile (PAN) blend solutions were studied. From the viscosity measurement of the solutions, the polymer chain entanglement as well as the electrospun fiber morphology caused by polymer concentrations, relative molecular mass, solvent mixture and PVDF/PAN mass ratio was analyzed by scanning electron microscopy, respectively. Results suggested that higher solution concentration, higher relative molecular mass and the solvent volatility improved formation of uniform ultrafine fibers. Both Core/Sheath and Co-continuous structures of electrospun PVDF75/PAN25 (75:25, wt/wt) fibers were observed under a transition electron microscopy. In general, the PAN phase was located at the center of the ultrafine fibers and the PVDF phase was at the wall. The shelf time of the polymer solution could improve the formation of the uniform core/sheath structure. When increasing the PAN fraction, the difficulty of polymer phase separation process because of the higher viscosity of the polymer solution made it hard to form the uniform core/sheath fiber structure.The non-woven membrane with high porosity and small fiber diameter generally exhibited lower mechanical properties. In this study, post hot-press treatment and fiber-alignment by high speed collection drum were used to enhance tensile strengths of the electrosun PVDF75/PAN25 membranes. With the hot-press temperature increased, the porosity, the liquid absorption, the crystallinity of PVDF phase as well as the elongation of the membranes decreased, while the tensile modulus and the tensile strength showed an increase trend. Tensile tests in revolving direction of the fiber-aligned membranes suggested that the tensile modulus and the tensile strength were higher than the non-aligned membranes; Hot-press at 135oC, the tensile strength of revolving direction of the fiber-aligned membranes is 55.1±3.7MPa. But the elongation was lower than the later one, whereas the non-aligned membranes in the cross direction showed lower tensile modulus and tensile strengths, but a higher elongation.

Due to nontoxicity, chemical stability, cheapness, and excellent photocatalytic degradation of various refractory organic compounds, titanium dioxide （TiO₂） has been considered as the most promising photocatalyst for treating contaminated water and polluted air. However, anatase TiO₂ can only be induced by ultraviolet （UV） light with the wavelength less than 387.5 nm. Furthermore, TiO₂ nanoparticles have a tendency to agglomerate, precipitate, and flow away in liquid suspensions. Therefore, doping modification and immobilization of TiO₂ have been widely investigated.In this study, titanium oxoacetate/polyacrylonitrile [TiO（OAc）₂/PAN] hybrid nanofibers were fabricated by electrospinning technique. A novel nitrogen-doped TiO₂/carbon nanofibers (TiO_2-xN_x/CNFs) heterostructured photocatalyst was also prepared by subsequent thermal stabilization, ammonification, and calcination. Changes in the morphology, crystal structure, and chemical composition of nanofibers were investigated with TEM, FESEM, XRD, FT-IR, EDX and XPS, respectively. Light response and photocatalytic activity of TiO_2-xN_x/CNFs were characterized by UV-Vis absorbance spectra and photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue （MB） in aqueous solution under different light irradiations. The results showed that TiO（OAc）₂ alignedalong the as-spun PAN nanofibers uniformly and regularly, and led to the reduce of nanofiber diameter from 350～500 nm to 250～400 nm. After the thermal stabilization, the as-spun TiO（OAc）₂/PAN nanofibers became smoother, and the average diameter was decreased to 200～300 nm because of physical and chemical shrinkages. The diameter of as-stabilized nanofibers was decreased further to 100～250 nm via NH₄OH aqueous solution pretreatment and calcination. After the calcination at 400℃, amorphous titanic ammoniates were converted to anatase TiO_2-xN_x nanoparticles and transferred to the external surfaces of nanofibers. After calcined at 600℃, about 25 wt. % of anatase TiO_2-xN_x nanoparticles, with the average grain size of 20 nm, were interspersed on the surfaces of highly-aligned CNFs uniformly. When the temperature was increased to 800℃, abundant micropores and mesopores were formed on the external surfaces of CNFs. However, all the anatase TiO_2-xN_x would be transformed to rutile TiO_2-xN_x without photocatalytic activity, and the average grain size was increased to 30～50 nm. Due to the remarkable wider absorbance spectra and enhanced photocatalytic activity of TiO_2-xN_x, in which the threshold of TiO₂ was red-shifted from 390 nm to 500 nm, and the considerable BET specific surface area （130 m²/g）, total pore volume （0.34 cm³/g） and adsorption capacity of nanofibers, the TiO_2-xN_x/CNFs heterostructured photocatalyst calcined at 600℃exhibited excellent photocatalytic activity under UV and visible-light irradiations, and showed much higher photocatalytic efficiency than that of TiO₂/CNFs, TiO_2-xN_x and TiO₂ powders.

In this thesis, nickel aluminum and magnesium aluminum layered double hydroxides （NiAl-CO₃-LDH and MgAl-CO₃ LDH） were grafted on the surface of multi-walled carbon nanotubes （MWNTs） through the hydroxyl groups, respectively. Powder X-ray diffraction （XRD）, Energy Dispersive Analysis of X-rays （EDAX）, Scanning Electron Microscope （SEM）, Transmission Electron Microscope （TEM） and X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy （XPS） were used to investigate the crystalline structure, chemical composition and grafting mechanism of the composites. Moreover, the catalytic properties of NiAl-CO₃-LDH/ MWNTs for the reaction of phenyl aldehyde oxidation have also been investigated.NiAl-CO₃-LDH nanoparticles were grafted onto the surface of MWNTs induced by the hydroxyl groups by the hydrothermal method. The structure, composition as well as grafting mechanism of NiAl-CO₃-LDH nanoparticles have been thoroughly studied by XRD, EDAX, SEM, TEM and XPS. Furthermore, the catalytic properties of the grafted NiAl-LDH for the oxidation reaction of phenyl aldehyde have been investigated. The results showed that the grafted LDH can be used as a catalyst in the oxidation reaction of phenyl aldehyde, which exhibits higher activity compared with that of pristine LDH as a reference sample. This is possibly related to the large specific surface area of MWNTs as well as the high dispersion of LDH on the surface of MWNTs.MgAl-CO₃-LDH grafted on MWNTs has been synthesized by hydrothermal method. XRD, EDAX, SEM, TEM and XPS were used to investigate its crystalline structure, chemical composition and grafting mechanism. The influence of aging temperature on the crystal structure and particle size of LDH has been studied. It was found that well-defined LDH with high crystallinity and large particle size can be obtained upon increasing aging temperature.The second part of this thesis focuses on the fabrication of poly vinyl pyrrolidone （PVP）/LDH composite nanofibers based on the electrospinning technique. Firstly, MgAl-LDH particles were prepared by coprecipitation and nonaqueous hydrothermal method, respectively. Secondly, the LDH particles were dispersed in the PVP solution thoroughly and then PVP/LDH nanofibers were fabricated by electrospinning. The products were characterized by XRD and SEM. The results showed that compared with the coprecipitation method, the LDH particles synthesized by nonaqueous hydrothermal method exhibit more uniform morphology and thus better compatibility with PVP, and the optimal addition of LDH is 5%. Furthermore, the combustion temperature of the PVP/LDH nanofibers increased by some 50℃compared with the pristine PVP nanofibers.Therefore, this work opens new opportunities for further research into the LDHs-based composite materials and their prospective applications in the fields of catalysts and polymer additives.

Through sol-gel processing and electrospinning technique, ultrathin fibers of poly vinyl pyrrolidone PVP/Ti（OPr）₄/Ni（CH₃COO）₂composite were prepared. After calcinations of the above precursor fibers at 600℃, the TiO₂/NiO nanofibers, with a diameter of 50-100nm, were successfully obtained. The fibers were investigated by scanning electron microscopy,FT-IR, wide-angle X-ray diffraction, and Raman, respectively. This paper introduced the mechanism of nano–sized TiO₂ photo–catalytic oxidation technology systematically,photo–catalytic capability was tested using of Rhodamine B being a degradation material. The result indicates that: 0.5% TiO₂/NiO nanofibers particles exhibited the more photo–catalytic degradation.pyrrolidone（PVP）/titanium butyloxide composite fibers were prepared. After calcination of the above precursor fibers at 500℃,the PVP/Ti（OPr）₄/（C₂H₅O）₄Sianofibers were successfully obtained. The fibers were characterized by fourier transform infrared （FT-IR） spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction（XRD）, scanning electron microscopy （SEM）, and its photocatalytic properties were examined by degradation of Rhodamine B under UV light. The result indicated that the fiber we obtained at the calcination temperature of 600℃was amorphous. Gradually, anatase of TiO₂ was formed When the temperature increased to 700℃,As the temperature to 800℃, rutile phase began to form. Compared to the pure TiO₂ nano-fibers, Si dopant had a great inhibition on TiO₂ crystalline temperature and phase transformation,the particle size was smaller. The high photocatalytic efficiency can be obtained when the calcination temperature was600℃.

Ultrafine PAN fibers, PAN/silicon oil coaxial fibers and PAN/SiO₂ coaxial fiber were successfully prepared by electrospinning, after oxidation and pyrolysis of the eletrospun fibers, Ultrafine carbon fibers, hollow carbon fibers and C/SiO₂ coaxial fibers were obtained respectively. The influence of electrospinning process parameters and solution properties on the formation of the fibers were investigated,.the wave absorbing properties of the three kind of fibers were studied for the first time.It was found that the decrease of the solid carbon fibers diameter happened at the unstable jetting stage mainly, the fiber diameter decreased as the increase of the voltage, the decrease of the flow velocity and the solution concentration. The conductivity of the soution had the most effects on the fiber diameter, the fiber diameter decreased from 1.7μm to 0.4μm when the electrospinning was carried out by adding 5%（w.t） NaCl into the PAN solution. The increase of the environment temperature can enhance the evaporation of the solvent and it can prevent the fibers from matting together. The influence of the solution concentration and the flow velocity on the amount of the beads in the fiber was investigated, the decrease of the beads occurred as the concentration and the stability of the flow velocity increased.PAN/SiO₂ coaxial fibers were prepared firstly by coaxial electrospinning using PAN as the core and SiO₂ sol as the shell, then C/SiO₂ coaxial fibers were obtained after oxidation and pyrolysis of the eletrospun fibers. The structure and cross-section morphologies of the C/SiO₂ coaxial fibers were investigated by FTIR, XRD and SEM,The results showed that SiO₂ coating with a thickness of about 20nm was successfully prepared on the carbon fibers. DTA-TG analysis also indicated an increase in oxidation resistance of the coaxial fibers.PAN/silicon oil coaxial fibers were prepared firstly by coaxial electrospinning using PAN as the shell and silicon oil as the core, and then hollow carbon fibers were obtained after oxidation and pyrolysis of the eletrospun fibers. Effects of coaxial spinneret were studied on the formation of the core-shell jets. Results showed that a coaxial jet could be obtained on the tip of the coaxial spinneret when the net length of the core nozzle than the shell nozzle, Zp was about half of the shell nozzle radius （rout）. feeding rate ratio also had a great influence to the hollow structure, hollow fibers could be obtained when Vin/Vout =1. the thickness of the shell of the hollow fibers were asymmetrical, as the increase of the conductivity of the shell solution, the minimum of the shell thickness decreased. The density of the hollow carbon fibers was 0.64g/cm³, which was far less than 1.6g/cm³, the density of the solid carbon fibers.Radar absorbing properties of the three kinds of fibers were studied by voter network analyzer, the results showed that both the real part and the imaginary part of the permittivity decreased as the diameter increase of the solid carbon fibers. The conductivity value of the C/SiO₂ coaxial fibers were small, compared with uncoated carbon fibers, both the real part and the imaginary part of the C/SiO₂ coaxial fibers permittivity decreased. The permittivity value of hollow carbon fibers was over the solid carbon fibers.

One-dimensional or normal one-dimensional structure inorganic nanomaterials have potential application in electronics、photonics、mechanics areas and so on. The nanofibers have been attracted by many researchers and have become the hot study of nano-technology due to their superior optical, acoustic, electrical, magnetic, thermal and mechanical properties. The illuminant rare-earth oxide materials have been widely used in high-tech fields. The study of preparation, properties, and application of the rare-earth oxide nanofibers have become an important subject. In recent years, the electrospining combined with sol-gel is a relatively convenient and useful way to fabrication inorganic nanofibers. Against the back ground of preparation and application of one-dimensional nanomaterials, the article reports on the latest progress in research of one-dimensional naonomaterials and our research achievements with the emphasis of preparing one-dimensional nanomaterials. The contents are as follows:1. The TiO₂-ZrO₂ complex nanotubes were prepared by sol-gel coating of electrospining polymer fibers. PBS nanofibers were used as substrate, PBS-TiO₂-ZrO₂ coaxial nanofibers were fabricated using sol-gel coating technique to fill PBS nanofibers that were prepared by electrospining. The TiO₂-ZrO₂ complex nanotubes were obtained via calcining PBS-TiO₂-ZrO₂ coaxial nanofibers. SEM、TEM and TG techniques were performed to the nanotubes.2. The inorganic BaO-TiO₂ nanofibers have been fabricated by sol-gel combined with electrospining method. PVP was used as substrate, ethanol was used as solvent, while barium acetate and Tetra-n-butyl titanate were used as precursor. The PVP/Ba（CH₃COO）₂/TiO₂ composite nanofibers were fabricated by electrospining. The inorganic BaO-TiO₂ nanofibers were obtained via calcining PVP/Ba（CH₃COO）₂/TiO₂ composite nanofibers. TG, SEM, IR, and XRD techniques were performed to the organic and inorganic nanofibers.3. The inorganic Mn doped ZnO nanofibers have been fabricated by sol-gel combined with electrospining method. PVP was used as substrate, ethanol was used as solvent while Mn（CH₃COO）₂ and Zn（CH₃COO）₂ was used as precursor. The PVP/Mn（CH₃COO）₂/Zn（CH₃COO）₂ composite nanofibers were fabricated by electrospining. The inorganic Mn doped ZnO nanofibers were obtained via calcining PVP/Mn（CH₃COO）₂/Zn（CH₃COO）₂ composite nanofibers. TG, SEM, IR, XRD and Fluorescence spectrometer techniques were performed to the organic and inorganic fibers. The XRD indicated that the production structure was ZnMn₂O₄ crystalline.4. The inorganic La₂O₃ nanofibers have been fabricated by sol-gel combined with electrospining method. PVP was used as substrate, ethanol was used as solvent while LaAC₃ was used as precursor. The PVP/LaAC₃ composite nanofibers were fabricated by electrospining. The inorganic La₂O₃ nanofibers were obtained via calcining PVP/LaAC₃ composite nanofibers. TG, SEM, IR, XRD and Fluorescence spectrometer techniques were performed to the organic and inorganic fibers.