A new route for the economic and efficient treatment of azo dye pollutants is reported, in which mesoporous silica （MS） and surface-modified organic-inorganic hybrid mesoporous silica spheres were chosen as microreactors for the accumulation and subsequent photodegradation of pollutants in defined regions. The MS was synthesized according to Stober method from sodium silicate. The surface-modified silica materials were prepared by anchoring the polycationic species such as poly（allylamine hydrochloride） （PAH） on MS spheres via a simple wet impregnation method. The as-synthesized MS and PAH-modified MS （PAH-MS） spheres with well-defined porous structures exhibited a very efficient accumulating capacity for different kinds of the target pollutant. According to the new method, the pollutants were completely degradated in the Fenton system under the visible light efficientlyComparative photodegradation study on homogeneous dye solution and heterogeneous dye-accumulated suspension in Fenton reagent, together with kinetics patterns in recycling degradation show that the MS and the PAH-MS spheres may be utilized as environment-friendly microcarriers for the remediation of dye wastewater.It was also examined that Fe-anchored mesoporous SiO₂ as microcarrier accumulated dyes, and the dyes-accumlated on the SiO₂ was degradated in Fenton system under the visible light. It was found that the degradation efficiency of dyes on the Fe-anchored mesoporous SiO₂ had been improved greatly.

Hexafluoropropylene oxide（HFPO） is the most important epoxide which contains fluorine.It can be the intermediate product of many organic compounds which contain fluorine.For example,it can be used for the synthesis of fluorinated polyether、ion exchange resin、FS、fluorine rubber、HFA and so on.The existing methods for producing HFPO mainly include the H₂O₂ oxidation method, hypochlorous acid salt oxidation method,electro-chemistry method etc.But the problems are the complicated technique,high cost and enviormental pollution etc. Molecular oxygen is cheap and green.Direct gas-phase epoxidation of hexafluoropropylene（HFP） with molecular oxygen is the most direct and reasonable method.We adopt direct epoxidation of HFP with molecule oxygen using Ag/γ-Al₂O₃ catalyst mainly.The conversion of HFP is 15%and the selectivity to HFPO is 23.3%.The kinetics studies have been done for direct gas-phase epoxidation of HFP with molecule oxygen usingγ-Al₂O₃ supported silver catalyst.The results show that when the total flow rate of reactants is more than 150ml/h,and the granule diameter of the catalyst is bellow F2.5mm,both the internal and external diffusion have no effect on the reaction.In the BET adsorption plant,the adsorption conditions of HFP and O₂ have been studied at different temperatures.Their adsorption conditions are very different.The adsorption speed of HFP is very fast.There is obvious adsorption five minutes later.The adsorption quantity of HFP goes up quickly along with the rising of the adsorption pressure,and the adsorption quantity has no change with the temperatuer. The adsorption speed of oxygen is very slow.There is some adsorption an hour later.The adsorption quantity varies inconspicuously with the rising of pressure,and the adsorption quantity goes down a little with the rising of the temperature.The catalysts have been processed by the deposition-precipitation method.For the different precipitators,the effect of Na₂CO₃ is better than NaOH.And the precipitators of low concentration have higher conversions of HFP and selectivities to HFPO.When NaOH is used for the precipitator,at first the conversion changes little with the rising of the catalyst calcination temperature,at the same time selectivity rise slowly.But when the calcination temperature rises to 700℃,both conversion and selectivity descend quickly.When Na₂CO₃ is used for the precipitant,the conversion is rising higher and higher along with the rising of the calcination temperatures,while the selectivity to HFPO goes down at the temperature of 750℃.The catalyst of Ag/γ-Al₂O₃ has been modified by NaCl,KCl,RbCl,and CsCl. For the best result,the quantity of the addition of NaCl,KCl,RbCl,and CsCl are respectively 3%,2%,1%and 2%.Compared with the results of Ag/γ-Al₂O₃ catalyst without any modification,both the conversion of HFP and the selectivity to HFPO are improved.The selectivity to HFPO is the highest（51%） using Ag/γ-Al₂O₃ catalyst modified by 2%CsCl.The FeAlPO-5 and CuAlPO-5 have been synthesized,and the best conditions have been found.The initial synthesis experiment has been done with them.The activity of the FeAlPO-5 and CuAlPO-5 are very low.No HFPO has been found. （Maybe there is a little HFPO,but it is included in the peaks of the materials.）The Cu₂（OH）PO₄ has been synthesized,and the best conditions have been found.The initial synthesis experiment has been done with it.The activity of the Cu₂（OH）PO₄ is lower than the FeAlPO-5 and CuAlPO-5.There is only a little carbon dioxide,and no HFPO has been found.

The molecule of chitosan contains high contents of amino groups, which can be protonated by integrating H+ in solution. So it has favorable adsorbability to some inorganic acid, organic acid, acor compound. Chitosan can be dissolved in acid solution. It limits its application as absorbent.The references about the chitosan structure characteristics, properties and modification research actualities and its practical application had been investigated sufficiently. On the basis of this, using glutaradehyde as the cross-linker, magnetic chitosan microspheres (MCTS) were prepared by the suspension cross-linking technique.The experiments had been carried out to study the adsorption behavior of MCTS for three kinds of phytohormone. In the medium of isopropanol, using perchloric acid as catalyst, hydroxypropyl chloride magnetic chitosan microspheres (ECH-MCTS) were prepared. Furthermore, aminated magnetic chitosan microspheres (EN-MCTS) were prepared by grafting ethylenediamine on the microsphere surface. The adsorption efficiency of aminated magnetic chitosan microspheres were investigated in removal of anoinic dyes acid rhodamine B(AR)、fuchsin acid (FA) and reactive brilliant blue X-BR (RBB) compared with MCTS and ECH-MCTS. The adsorption thermodynamics, kinetics and mechanism were discussed. Chitosan powder had been prepared to be magnetic resin. To the contribution of magnetic field, the chitosan and the resin can be easily isolated. This expanded the application of chitosan consumedly. The major study works and results were as follows:1. The preparation and characterization of magnetic chitosan microspheres.The effects of the dosage of crosslinker glutaraldehyde on microspheres morphology and yield had been observed intensively. The modality observed by optical microscope show that, the yield of microsphere increased, but the aggregation of the microspheres became more serious as the quantity of crosslinker increasing and the adsorption values to abscisic acid decreased correspondingly. The reason was that the amino groups on the surface of the microspheres had been occupied by overmany crosslinker. Therefore, when the crosslinker concentration was 7% and the qantity of the chitosan was 0.5 g, the magnetic microspheres with good dispersion property and uniformity the particle size diffusion were obtained.Scanning electron microscope (SEM) and transmission electron microscope (TEM) were used to investigate the morphology and size of the microspheres. The results indicated that the microspheres had well shaped spherical form with smooth surface and the particle size was 3~5μm. The fourier transfor IR (FT-IR) spectrameter , X-ray diffraction (XRD) , differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravinetry (TG) were used to analyze the molecular structure and the alteration of the microspheres’thermal character. The results showed that Fe3O4 nanoparticles remained its spinel structure, which packed in the microspheres to form core-shell structure, and the weight percentage of Fe3O4 nanoparticles was estimated to be about 10.9 wt%. The thermal stability of MCTS was lower than chitosan, but was as high as chitosan before 225℃, and also can be easily separated from aqueous solution under the magnetic field.2. The studies of adsorption behaviour and mechanism for acidic phytohormone onto magnetic chitosan mocrospheresMCTS was utilized to adsorb abscisic acid (ABA), gibberellin (GA3) ,3-indoleacetic acid (IAA) by static adsorption. The effects of adsorbent dosage, contact time, pH and the original concentration of ABA, GA3, IAA on the adsorption rate were investigated and optimized. In order to explore the adsorption mechanism of the modified microspheres, the experimental data were fitting by dynamics model including pseudo-second-order equation and pseudo-first-order equation, and isotherms Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms. The results showed that the adsorbent dosage was appropriated at 1.25 g L-1. In 20 minutes ,the adsorption rate to ABA(c0 = 32.28mg L-1),IAA(c0 = 43.80mg L-1),GA3(c0 = 200.0mg L-1)raised up to maximum, and the one step adsorption rate was 89%,93% and 81% respectively. Furthermore, the adsorption efficiencies were greatly influenced by the acidity and ionic strength of solution. A possible explanation for pH effect on adsorption may be related to the surface charge of magnetic microspheres and phytohormone. Amino groups on the surface of microspheres played a major role in adsorption proces. It could be protoned in low pH, combining with acid radical ion dissociated by ABA, IAA or GA3 to complete the adsorption process. So when the pH is too low, amino group couldn’t be protonated easily, but the high acidity impeded the dissociation of ABA, IAA and GA3. And aslo as the increase of ionic strength, high concentrations of NaCl ions could cover the particle surface and form an ion shield, which can decrease the diffusivity of phytohormone and enlarge the absorbed molecules, and therefore reduce the adsorption rate.The results for the experimental data applying pseudo-first-order equation and pseudo-second-order equation showed that the adsorption for phytohormone conformed to the pseudo-second-order equation. It confirmed that the adsorption rate was controlled by chemical sorption. The isotherms model of ABA and GA3 of the modified microspheres indicated that Langmuir isotherm equation gave better fit than the Freundlich isotherm. It confirmed that the adsorption on microspheres was in a monolayer form. The regeneration of the adsorbents could be implemented by 0.1 mol L-1 sodium chloride , only the 5% decrease of adsorption rate could be obtained after regenerating absorbents for five times. These results indicated that the magnetic chitosan microspheres can be recycled.3. The preparation and characterization of modified magnetic chitosan microspheres.The adsorption efficiency of chitosan closely related to its alkalinity. Cross-linking reaction weakened the alkalinity of absorbent and reduced the adsorption efficiency of absorbent. Thus, two kinds of modified microspheres were prepared in order to increase the adsorption efficiency.①Preparation of hydroxypropyl chloride magnetic chitosan microspheres (ECH-MCTS) by using epichlorohydrin modified magnetic chitosan microspheres②Preparation of a new adsobent aminated magnetic chitosan microspheres (EN-MCTS) by using ethylenediamine grafted on the surface of microspheres.The content of amino groups on microspheres were determined by titrimetric method. IR , XRD ,DSC and TG were used to analyze the alteration of ECH-MCTS and EN-MCTS’molecular structure and characte. The results showed that the amino group content of ECH-MCTS decreased obviously. It indicated that both amino groups and hydroxy groups participated in the reaction with ethylenediamine. However, the amino group content of EN-MCTS was twice than that of MCTS. So the alkalinity of EN-MCTS had been strengthened and the adsorbability had been enhanced .4. The studies on adsorption behaviour and mechanism for anionic dye onto MCTS, ECH-MCTS and EN-MCTSThe adsorption behaviour for the three anionic dyes acid rhodamine B, fuchsin acid and reactive brilliant blue X-BR were studied, the experimental factors contact time, pH and temperature had also been explored and optimized. The results showed that within 60 minutes, the adsorption rate for AR and FA on EN-MCTS can reach to 95%, when the original concentrations of AR were chosen at 0.50 mmol L-1, FA were at 0.80 mmol L-1, and the adsorbent dosage was at 0.5 g L-1 and 0.8 g L-1 respectively. However, within 4 hours, the adsorption rate for RBB can reach to 98% on EN-MCTS when the original concentrations were chosen at 0.30 mmol L-1 and the adsorbent dosage was at 0.8 g L-1. The adsorption capability could be enhanced as the concentration of dyes increasing, while the adsorption rate decreased as the acidity increasing on the three magnetic microspheres. But the adsorption on MCTS was affected greatly by the solution acidity compared with ECH-MCTS and EN-MCTS. The results indicated that the adsorption for anionic dyes were affected by the structure of dyes and the steric hindrance of amino groups on microspheres .The results for the experimental data applying dynamics equations and isotherm equations showed that the adsorption for anionic dyes conformed to the pseudo-second-order equation and Langmuir isotherm equation. It confirmed that the adsorption process was in monolayer controlled by chemical sorption. The regeneration of the adsorbents could be implemented by 0.5 mol L-1 NaOH + 2 mol L-1NaCl (V/V=1:1) , the second-regenerated ratios were all > 95%.

Toughening semi-crystalline pseudo-ductile polymer by using rigid fillers has become an active area of polymer modification,because a large number of strong and tough materials can be produced by these means.But,due to their own disadvantages,such as the difficulties in phase dispersion and phase structure control,and orientation induced anisotropy,the further application of these modification methods and associated composites is unavailable.So,in this study,the unique 3-dimensional structured filler, tetra-needle-shaped zinc oxide whiskers(T-ZnOw),has been adopted to modify polyamid 6,the typical semi-crystalline pseudo-ductile polymer,in the purpose of obtaining a new kind of composites with high properties.Our attention is mainly focused on how to toughen PA6 with this kind of special fillers and how they function as the modifiers in PA6 matrix,in another words,to find out the mechanism of T-ZnOw toughening the pseudo-ductile polymer,PA6.Under this principle,the impact fracture behavior of T-ZnOw/PA6 composites was carefully studied,as well as its influence factors,which made this thesis consist of three parts:the first part,the effect of interfacial interaction (caused by the coupling agents)on the fracture behavior of T-ZnOw/PA6 composites,investigating the toughening mechanism of T-ZnOw in PA6 matrix; the second part,the study on the fracture behavior of T-ZnOw(s)/PA6 composites, investigating the variation in the impact strength and toughening mechanism caused by the dimension effect of T-ZnOw;the last part,the comparison on the fracture characteristics between T-ZnOw/HDPE and T-ZnOw/PA6 composites, investigating the differences of toughening mechanism brought by the two different polymer matrices.The results showed that:(a)Coupling agents had great influence on the impact fracture behavior of T-ZnOw/PA6 composites.Under satisfying interfacial interaction bought by certain content and type of coupling agent,as well as certain content of T-ZnOw, the toughness of composites could be improved by pull-out,anchoring,bridging and pinning effect of T-ZnOw.(b)The change in T-ZnOw dimension would lead the different C~*(the critical value of T-ZnOw content for toughening)and the different toughening mechanism in PA6 matrix.For T-ZnOw/PA6 composites,the toughening was realized by pull-out,anchoring,bridging and pinning effect during crack propagation.But for T-ZnOw(s)/PA6 composites,the toughness was improved by raising the difficulty of crack initiation,and the crack deflection during crack propagation.(c)The pseudo-ductile polymer,PA6,could be toughened by T-ZnOw effectively,but the ductile polymer,HDPE,could not.The main reason was directly associated with the difference of polymer matrices.For HDPE,the deformation micromechanism was crazing and fibrillation,which could absorb tremendous amount of impact energy and finally gave birth to high toughness;the addition of T-ZnOw,could inspire certain amount of yield deformation and, unfortunately,reduced the resistance of crack propagation,which was attributable to the debonding due to the cavitation at whisker-matrix interface.And,the latter effect triggered the brittle fracture of the composites.(d)T-ZnOw could bring reinforcement effect to the composites,no matter the matrix was the pseudo-ductile polymer,PA6,or the ductile polymer,HDPE.And further study suggested that the reinforcement of T-ZnOw in PA6 matrix was associated to the interfacial interaction and T-ZnOw dimension.Additionally,the T-ZnOw could improved the heat deflection temperature(HDT)largely.

Magnesium alloy has a great potential to be applied in automobile and aerospace industries because of their light weight, high specific strength, excellent Good cast-on outwell ability and good machine ability as compared to other structural metals. So, magnesium alloy is one of the focuses at present. But its strength and high temperature creep resistance are worse, But magnesium matrix composite is able to improve these function deficiency.Intermetallic compound Mg₂Si is an ideal reinforcing phase in metal matrix composites. Making using of the characteristics of Am60 alloy, Mg₂Si phase can be formed in the process of solidification. However, Mg₂Si often exists in the shape of coarse Chinese script in the matrix, which greatly damages the strengthening effect of Mg₂Si. On the base of the analysis of the formation process of Mg₂Si phase, the effects of Si and Al content on the microstructure of Mg₂Si/AM60 composites were systemically studied, and the modifying effect of Sb, Y on Mg₂Si phase in the composites was also studied. Finally, high temperature creep resistance of the prepared Mg₂Si/AM60 composites was investigated.The results show that with the increase of Si content in Am60 alloy, the amount of Mg₂Si in the solidified samples increases, and its shape becomes more full Chinese script. The addition of Si in the AM60 alloys the shape of coarse Chinese script is found with the addition of Si.After adding Sb and Y, the phases of AM60 and Mg₂Si phase have been refined. Mg₃Sb₂ phase andAl₂Y phase act as heterogeneous core,the shape of Mg₂Si could be transformed from the Chinese script into uniformly dispersed particles. Therefore, Mg₂Si/AM60 composites with more desirable microstructure can be obtained, as a result, the mechanical properties of the composites can be further improved and high temperature creep resistance of the composites is better than AM60 alloy.

The main purpose of this paper is to modify supported Ziegler-Natta catalysts through their reaction with some specific organic compounds,in order to alter the nature and distribution of the active sites（C^*）,thereby control the chemical composition distribution（CCD）of ethylene-α-olefin copolymers（or:linear low density polyethylene,LLDPE）.Firstly,an industrial supported Ziegler-Natta catalyst（cat-1）is modified by treating it with 2,6 – diisopropyl phenol,getting the modified catalyst cat-2.The two catalysts were used for ethylene and 1-hexene copolymerization in different comonomer concentration.The copolymers were characterized by ¹³C-NMR and GPC.Experimental study found,comonomer effect of cat-2 is weaker than cat-1. In copolymerization with cat-2,the activity reached the maximum value at relatively low 1-hexene concentration.With increasing comonomer concentration, the molecular weight of copolymer catalyzed by cat-2 declines much slower than cat-1.¹³C-NMR analysis showed that the copolymer catalyzed by cat-2 is more uniform in comonomer distribution than copolymer catalyzed by cat-1,especially the catalytic system activated by MAO.Secondly,a supported Ziegler-Natta catalyst TiCl₄/MgCl₂（cat-3）was prepared, then it was modified by 2,6 – diisopropyl phenol,getting the modified catalyst cat-4.The two catalysts were used for ethylene and 1-hexene copolymerization and copolymerization in the presence of a small amount of hydrogen.The copolymers were characterized by ¹³C-NMR and GPC.The experiment results showed that, comonomer effect of cat-4 is weaker than cat-3,as revealed by ¹³C-NMR analysis of the copolymer’s soluble and insoluble fractions in boiling n-heptane,the 1-hexene content in the two fractions is much closer in copolymer catalyzed by cat-4 than cat-3,so the copolymer by cat-4 has more uniform comonomer distribution,especially the catalytic system activated by MAO.The decline of activity with hydrogen amount in the polymerization with cat-4 is slower than with cat-3.In the presence of hydrogen,the copolymer catalyzed by cat-4 also showed a more uniform comonomer distribution than cat-3,especially when the catalytic system was activated by MAO.In general,these changes are beneficial to the synthesis of ethylene-α-olefin copolymers with narrower distribution of composition.1-Hexene homopolymerization catalyzed by cat-3 and cat-4 were also studied. The number of the active（C_p）center in the catalytic systems was determined using a method based on quenching reaction by cinnamoyl chloride.The average polymerization activity of active sites of cat-4 is less than cat-3,maybe some active site in cat-3 catalyst is deactivated by 2,6 – Diisopropyl phenol.When adding a small amount of hydrogen to 1-hexene homopolymerization system,C_p of all the catalytic systems decreased,in which cat-4 reduced more significantly.Based on the main results of this work,the mechanism of catalyst modification by phenoxy ligand was discussed,and two possible models of the interaction between the phenoxy ligand and the active centers were proposed.

Lignin is the abundant natural resource only next to cellulose in amount industrial. Lignin is the by product of pulping and paper making, but its recycle ratio is low now. Most of the industrial lignin is discharged with waste water, which not only causes pollution but also squanders resource. The recycle of industrial lignin has great economic, social and environmental benefits. This article has made a study of the application of kraft lignin in articifial plate adhesive in order to impulse the course of the industrialization produce and application of the course.Firstly, after all kinds of methods to characterize derivatives of kraft lignin having been described and discussed, the conclusions were showed as follows: the content of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen was 32.64%, 4.28% and 33.82%, respectively. The content of lignin was 38.86%.And the main structural unit was guaiacolyl.The percentage of main function groups was followed: phenolic hydroxyl was 2.47%, alcoholic hydroxyl was 3.72%, methoxyl was 3.12%.The results were the Mn 773.2 , the Mw is 8739.6 ,the D is 11.303.Secondly, according to the chemical structure characteristics of chemical structure of kraft lignin, chemistry modification was conducted firstly.The most excellent conditions for the modification was that the proportion of kraft lignin and formaldehyde was 3:1, temperature was 80℃, reaction time was 3 hours, pH is 11. The rate of hydroxymethy lignin was 30%.At last, in the paper, low cost and reproducible kraft lignin could be used to replace nonreprod -ucible and noxious formaldehyde in the production of lignin modified urea-formaldehyde resin adhesive. The results show the capability of modified adhesive has reached to the country’s standard. When the time , temperature of reaction and lignin amount of modified adhesive is respectively 2.5h, 90℃and 30%, the shearing strength of modified adhesive is higher, the quantity of dissociation formaldehyde is 0.5%. It is lower than urea formaldehyde resin adhesive.

In this thesis, the preparation of activated carbon modified with rare earth metal, rare earth complex and its application in adsorption of ethylene was first investigated systemically with coconut-shell activated carbon as raw material. In addition, the structure and surface chemical composition of modified activated carbon were studied by means of SEM-EDS, FT-IR, XPS and so on. The adsorption mechanism of ethylene on modified activated carbon was also discussed. The results of the study are described as follows:First, the particle size, baking time and temperature had greater influence on the adsorption properties than the infused time in rare earth metal modified activated carbon. Under the conditions of 15 % hydrogen peroxide-1 % yttrium nitrate as modifier, the particle size of activated carbon 22-40 mesh, infused time 4 h, baking temperature 300℃and the baking time 3 h , the modified activated carbon had better adsorption of ethylene, and the adsorptive capacity was 0.173 g/g, which increased by 150.72 % than untreated activated carbon.Second, the activated carbon modified with copper-yttrium complex （modifier15%H₂O₂- 2 %Cu（NO₃）₂-1 %Y（NO₃）₃, baking temperature 300℃, baking time 1 h） had the best adsorption efficiency of ethylene, and the adsorptive capacity was 0.213 g/g, which increased by 208.70 % than untreated activated carbon. Hence, it is an effective means to improve the adsorption of ethylen by activated carbon.Third, after modification of the activated carbon by copper-yttrium complex, its surface area and total pore volume increased, which was helpful to improve the physical adsorption. From SEM-EDS analysis, yttrium was not affected by the heterogeneous surface of activated carbon, and the contents of oxygen, C2, C4 and C5 on the surfaces increased greatly, which is benefit for improving the chemical adsorption.Fourth, the adsorption isotherm of elethylene on the activated carbon modified with the complex belongs to I adsorption isotherm, and it has low mass transfer resistance and high mass transfer velocity. The physical adsorption and the chemical adsorption make the activated carbon modified with H₂O₂-Cu（NO₃）₂-Y（NO₃）₃ have better adsorption of ethylene, and the chemical adsorption comes from the complex adsorption between the copper, yttrium and ethylene.

The preparation, characterization, evaluation and modification of W-Mo-Ni-Co/γ-Al₂O₃ catalyst for diesel fuel ultra-deep desulfurization were studied in this article. After being prepared with step impregnating method, the structure of the catalyst of W-Mo-Ni-Co/γ-Al₂O₃ was characterized by BET, XRD, TPD, TPR, IR and TEM.The effects of pore enlargement agent, calcination temperature and preparing condition of impregnation solution on properties of supports, and the effects of calcination temperature of catalyst after first impregnation and active components on properties of catalysts were all investigated. In addition, the HDS and HDN performance of catalysts were evaluated in a highpressure microreactor utilizing FCC diesel oil as materials.The results show that the supports prepared by adding pore enlargement agent have appro- priate pore size distribution, specific surface area and pore volume. When calcined at the tem- perature of 550℃, the catalysts have good pore size distribution, mechanical strength and spe -cific surface area. The impregnation solution prepared at low temperature has stability and s- olubility. Various active components can disperse uniformly on the support when the catalyst cal-cined in 450℃after the first impregnation. The catalytic performance evaluation results show that catalysts exhibit high diesel hydrofining catalytic activity and good commercial prospects.The effects of reaction temperature and space velocity,H₂/Oil ratio on the hydrogenation performances of A2 hydrogenation catalysts were studied on a high-pressure microreactor utilizing straight diesel oil and FCC diesel oil. The results indicate that the catalysts have good activity and the ratio of HDS and HDN can be 96.4% and 96% respectively, when reaction temperature being 360℃, hydogen pressure being 6.7MPa, space velocity being 1.5-2.0h^-1 and H2/Oil ratio being 500/1.Based on the above studies, the modification of W-Mo-Ni-Co/γ- Al₂O₃catalyst with Y-Zeolite was further studied. The effect of Y-Zeolite on the acidity, HDN and HDS activity of W-Mo-Ni-Co/γ- Al₂O₃ catalysts has been investigated, and the acidity of the catalysts was characterized as well. The results demonstrate that the hydrofining catalytic activity of catalysts was greatly improved when Y-Zeolite was added at the amount of 9% on the supports.

In this paper, the extraction process, functional property and modification of japonica rice protein are studied. The aim is to improve the functional property and exploit a rice protein product. It provides gist and technological bases for the further development and utilization of rice resources. The main results are as follows:The optimum extraction conditions of Alkali-protease is as follows: temperature 58℃, pH 8.5, the material-liquid ratio 9:1, enzyme/substrate1000 U/g,the time 4h. The ratio of extraction can reach 70.5%, and the purity can reach 66.53%.The rice protein extraction by the physical-Enzymatic, dual enzyme and the two-step method of alkaline–enzyme are studied. The results show that the three methods can increase the extraction rate of rice protein, and the effect of the two-step method of alkaline-enzyme is significant. The optimum extraction conditions of the two-step method of alkaline-enzyme: alkaline extraction, pH11.0, temperature50℃, time 3 h and the material-liquid ratio:8:1; alkali-proteased extraction, temperature: 55℃, pH:8.5, the material-liquid ratio:9:1, enzyme/substrate:750 U/g, the time 2 h. The ratio of extraction can reach 90.21%, and the purity can reach 83.34%.The effect of pH on solubility, emulsifying properties, and foaming properties of two rice protein( alkaline and protease ) are studied.The modification of rice protein by alkaline Nanning alkaline protease is researched. The best modified conditions: enzyme in5000 u/g, pH9.5, temperature 55℃and hydrolysis time 2 h and rice protein has the dissolution rate of 85.45%.The rice protein functional properties of different hydrolysi conditions, are compared. The results show that 8% of the DH for the rice protein has good solubility, emulsifying and foaming properties. With the DH increase, rice protein hydrolysis emulsification and excessive foaming characteristics were decreased in different degrees. And the amino acid compositions have no significant changes. The experimental results show that the relationship between solubility and hydrolysis in different hydrolysis conditions prove when joined with the more protease or reaction time,the distribution in the soluble protein hydrolysis has a higher proportion of the protease.And on the basis of modification by protease, the effect of TGase on rice protein of 16% DH was studied.