Under the background of establishing scientific concept of development and implementing sustainable development strategy, especially building environment-friendly society, China’s urban development and construction confronted a series of problems,environment issue was highlighted particularly; Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan(CZT) also has no exception. At the end of 2007, City-Cluster of CZT were authorized as the synthesis coordinated reforms pilot area of the national resource-saving and the environment-friendly society construction, which provide with historic opportunity for CZT to improve its ecological environment and accelerate economical and social sustainable development. In connection with current administration system in our country, government will play an important role without any doubt in the construction of environment-friendly society,so making out scientific, practical and exercisable policies and systems become very significant in the process of environment-friendly society construction. This thesis made out estimation on CZT’s ecological environment, as a result , weak environment status doesn’t keep up with the economical and social development so that the construction of environment-friendly society is imperative under this situation. With regard to the environment-friendly construction of CZT City-Cluster, this thesis put forward relevant policy’s ideas, principles, aims and frame systems after making specific analysis about current policies and systems and pointing out their deficiency while under the basis of referring to other country’s experience. The paper also set forth related policies from the perspective of economical policy, financial and tax policy, environment policy, environmental-friendly education policy, green-technology policy, overall plan for urban and rural policy and environmental-friendly system construction, the paper set forth related policy as well as expounded core issues further more. At the end of this paper, specific countermeasures to improve environmental-friendly policy were put forward. Taking CTZ as an example, the paper studied on the construction of environment-friendly society from the policy’s point of view which method has not only profound theoretic sense but also practical application value.

With the development of reformation and open door in China, medical institution has developed greatly, they produce more and more medical waste as they produce medical service for us. Medical waste is highly dangerous and difficult to dispose. So “national hazardous waste list” list it as the first category of dangerous substances. After the breaking out of SARS in 2003, our country issued “the medical waste management rule”. Then, ministry of health and the provincial government published a series of laws and regulations on medicine waste in order to regulate the disposal and taken-back of medical waste. However, there are many problems in this field.The main contents in this paper are as follows:At first, the article introduces the concept characteristic and classification of medical waste. We should learn from German medical waste classification. The writer analysis the necessity and feasibility of medical waste disposal and pointed out that medical waste mix into the garbage seriously. The charge of medical waste disposal is unreasonable and so on.Second, the author sort out the law of medical waste collection and disposal and point out its weakness such as the environment legal system in China is not complete. The punishment of violation was too light. In addition, the author analysis foreign advanced law in this field. For example, the entire process management system, the polluter burden system.Third, the writer set up the basic principles of medical waste management according to “circling economy”. It is “minimization”, “resource”, “innocuous” policy.At last, the article analysis the eight systems in the disposal and taken-back of waste medical: charging system of medical waste disposal, the establishment of public participation、strengthen the training of employees, the entire process management system, the producer extension responsible for the medical waste disposal, concentrative disposal of medical waste, the establishment of environmental economic incentives system, compulsory take-back of medical waste system, establish a strict law liability.

Eco-system provided the material basis for economic development and human life. For long time, people have sought rapid economic development regardless of carrying capacity of ecosystems. Unreasonable utilization of resources has affected the ecosystem of its own renewable capacity and ecological balance. With the development of economic, the situation in environmental protection is more and more grim. The contradiction between economic development and environmental protection has hindered China’s sustainable development. The internal reason lies in absent ecological protect mechanisms in China, which cause the eco-efficiency and economic efficiency are unfairly distributed in environmental protection and the beneficiaries, ecological saboteurs and the victims, cause the interests of environment disparity, which do not meet environmental justice and equity, and adverse to social sustainable development.The relationship between eco-efficiency and economic efficiency is tortuous, which cause not only China’s ecological protection facing difficulties, also affected the harmony relationship between regions and inter-group. One way of resolving such issues is to establish the ecological compensation mechanism as soon as possible. Despite the requirement of establishing ecological compensation mechanism has been concerned, more than 20 years of theoretical research and practical experience promote the ecological situation to a certain extent. But so far, the basic concept and value of the pursuit has warp and the complexity of the compensation itself which lead to compensation and how to establish the system have not been clear. In fact, it has been proved that we should not only respect the laws of economic development, but also respect the natural law of development in social development. It is the requirements of sustainable development to maintain the damaged ecological environment. The beneficiaries should compensate the loss whose interest is lost for ecological construction which is also in line with environmental principles of equity and environmental justice. Currently it has a research-based, practical foundation to establish China’s ecological compensation mechanism as soon as possible which also coincide the requirements of social governance.First, this paper define scientifically the content of ecological compensation mechanism, set forth the theoretical basis and designate its attributes and value, rational sort out the types of the ecological compensation; second, clear-up the implementation of the status of domestics and international ecological compensation , insight into the current ecological compensation mechanism exists problem such as the concept still unclear , the legal system serious deficiencies, a single sources of funds, lack means of compensation and related theories, technologies blind spot, the concept indifferent to the environment and other issues . Finally , offer the suggestions to improve China’s ecological compensation mechanism , such as strengthening legislation、regulate compensation、broaden financing channels and properly handle the relationship between the government and the market and so on.

Eco-system provided the material basis for economic development and human life. For long time, people have sought rapid economic development regardless of carrying capacity of ecosystems. Unreasonable utilization of resources has affected the ecosystem of its own renewable capacity and ecological balance. With the development of economic, the situation in environmental protection is more and more grim. The contradiction between economic development and environmental protection has hindered China’s sustainable development. The internal reason lies in absent ecological protect mechanisms in China, which cause the eco-efficiency and economic efficiency are unfairly distributed in environmental protection and the beneficiaries, ecological saboteurs and the victims, cause the interests of environment disparity, which do not meet environmental justice and equity, and adverse to social sustainable development.The relationship between eco-efficiency and economic efficiency is tortuous, which cause not only China’s ecological protection facing difficulties, also affected the harmony relationship between regions and inter-group. One way of resolving such issues is to establish the ecological compensation mechanism as soon as possible. Despite the requirement of establishing ecological compensation mechanism has been concerned, more than 20 years of theoretical research and practical experience promote the ecological situation to a certain extent. But so far, the basic concept and value of the pursuit has warp and the complexity of the compensation itself which lead to compensation and how to establish the system have not been clear. In fact, it has been proved that we should not only respect the laws of economic development, but also respect the natural law of development in social development. It is the requirements of sustainable development to maintain the damaged ecological environment. The beneficiaries should compensate the loss whose interest is lost for ecological construction which is also in line with environmental principles of equity and environmental justice. Currently it has a research-based, practical foundation to establish China’s ecological compensation mechanism as soon as possible which also coincide the requirements of social governance.First, this paper define scientifically the content of ecological compensation mechanism, set forth the theoretical basis and designate its attributes and value, rational sort out the types of the ecological compensation; second, clear-up the implementation of the status of domestics and international ecological compensation , insight into the current ecological compensation mechanism exists problem such as the concept still unclear , the legal system serious deficiencies, a single sources of funds, lack means of compensation and related theories, technologies blind spot, the concept indifferent to the environment and other issues . Finally , offer the suggestions to improve China’s ecological compensation mechanism , such as strengthening legislation、regulate compensation、broaden financing channels and properly handle the relationship between the government and the market and so on.

Sustainable development has become one of important basic national policies in our country. Since the West china development drive, remarkable achievements of economic and social development have been acquired in xinjiang. However, this rapid development went with high resource consumption and serious environmental pollution. Therefore, it has important practical and instructional meaning to assess the situation of sustainable development in xinjiang.In this paper, the”Ecological Footprint”(EF) model was used to assess the sustainability of social and economic development quantitatively from 1999 to 2006 for xinjiang. The change tendency of ecological footprint and its main influencing factors in xinjiang were analyzed for the last 8 years. Based on this analysis, the ecological footprint and ecological capacity was analysis.During the last 8 years, both the EF and the EC were increased in xinjiang. However, the EF increased much faster than the EC, as a result, the total ecological deficit (DF) was more and more great. To 2006, the total DF reached 4979.45 million global hectares in which is about 104 percent of the total ecological capacity in xinjiang. The conflict between demand from human and supply of environment was extreme obvious, and the sustainable development of regional society faced serious eco-environmental pressure. From the aspect of the EF per-capita supply and demand structure, the structure of different type of land is not rational: the conflict outstood between demand and supply of fossil fuel land, before 2003 there was partial pasture ecological remainder, after 2004 woodland change ecological deficit to ecological remainder, only in 1999, 2003, 2006 cropland had ecological remainder, building land always in ecological remainder, ecological deficit of fishing land was small.The tendency of 8 year linear was show that the EF and DF will continue to increase during next years. The sustainable development in xinjiang will face more austere challenges if the conventional development approach is not changed. Therefore, to the long-term development strategies of xinjiang, more attention should be paid to the following issues: 1) to strengthen the protection of farmland, pasture land, woodland; 2) to transit developing pattern and to improve energy using efficiency; 3) to strengthen population control and to improve human ability effectively; 4) to faster the industrialization process, enhance city process; 5) government must consider the ecological footprint.

Constructing the energy base for more than 20 years, Shanxi province had been became to take energy, original material as corpus of the industry economic structure. Up to the 21th century , following a continuously extend of the economic total amount, the contradiction of the structure pollution and the limit of the environment capacity the ecosystem weak district of the loess plateau is becoming intense. It has become the key factors which restricts the sustainable development of Shanxi province. So the researches on the sustainable development and the coordinative development of the regional ecological environment and economy system are especially important, and have actual meanings urgently.On the basis of the above-mentioned background, this paper analyzes and evaluates the sustainable development of the ecological environment and economy systematically, which applies some approaches and means synthetically, such as the system analysis, Multi-variety Statistics Analysis. It combines the qualitative analysis with the quantitative analysis, and integrates theoretical analysis with practical application in this paper. The contents include: (1) building up the index system of the coordinative development about the ecological environment and economy system in Shanxi Province; (2) constructing the models and methods to evaluate the condition of the ecological environment and economy system; (3) discussing how to choose the method of the weight during weighting the index; (4) evaluating and analyzing the economy, ecological environment and the coordinative development about the system from 1996 to 2006 in Shanxi Province; (5)studying the countermeasures for the coordinative development of the ecological environment and economy system in Shanxi Province.Trough the analysis and research, main understandings and conclusions obtained in this paper are as follows:(1)In Shanxi province, ecological environmental situation was much worst, which has been descending from 1996 to 2006 in Shanxi Province wholly. The environmental quality during 1996-2000 was better than 2001-2006. Yet economy was fluctuant during 1996-2000 and rapid development during 2001-2006.(2)In Shanxi Province, the coordinative degree between the economy and ecological environment was between narrow coordinative and serious coordinative, which was improve increasingly .The max degree appeared in 2003, and the lowest degree was in 1999. The range descended was bigger in11 years. The coordinative development was stable during 1996-2000 and the rest of it were serious coordinative without 1998 narrow coordination. Yet the coordinative development was dramatic during 2001-2006, 2001 was serious coordination, then 2003 was fine coordination, 2006 became again serious coordination.(3) In Shanxi Province, the coordinative development degree between the ecological environment and economy was between imbalance decline and on the verge of imbalance except Year 2003and 2004, which was improve increasingly .The max degree appears in 2003, and the lowest degree was in 1999. The range descended was bigger in 11 years. The coordinative development was stable in 1996-2000 and it was imbalance decline. Yet the coordinative development was dramatic during 2001-2006, varying from imbalance decline, and then coordinative development, to on the verge of imbalance and imbalance decline.(4) Development measures: Implementing sustainable development strategy, carrying out environmental protection of new break, reinforcing ecosystem environment construction, reasonably utilizing and continuously optimizing resources environment, Carrying out economical resources and friendly environment type strategy and promoting environmental protection quality, enlarging pollution of the environment manages strength and improving environment quality, Strengthening ecosystem protection and construction, guaranteeing ecosystem safety, increasing the intensity to administer pollution and protect and construct the ecological environment, and carrying out an approach of environment first and recycle economy. Those measures promote economy and environment healthy, coordinative and sustainable.

Chemistry has already played an important role in the cognition of human beings to the substance world. And it has been improving our civilization. When it is making a lot of industrial products to meet our needs, it also pollutes our environment and wasting lots of resources. Green chemistry has been promptly growing up in the process of resolving the problem of environmental pollution. Green chemistry is a complex subject which can control the pollution at the beginnings. The idea of green chemistry is gradually becoming guide of conduct for chemists and chemical engineers. The thesis review some of the recent developments in green chemistry, such as the definition of green chemistry, principle of it, and basal research of it, on the base of searching of amount of relative articles. In the same time, more attention should be paid to study and research of it. At last the present research was analyzed and industrial application directions were introduced. It is believed that a great industrial revolution is being initiated by green chemistry. Green chemistry and its technique has become a quite important scientific and technical field that every country has paid its attention to it. Especially academia and enterprises have been interested in the field. All of these factors accelerate the development of green chemistry. Following the stream, China has been participating in all parts of green chemistry. Nowadays, green chemistry has developed into green and sustainable chemistry which emphasizes that chemistry and its industry not only relate to environment, but also directly relate to several parts of sustainable development Hence, people has realized that the idea of green chemistry is the main trend of solving environmental problems and achieving sustainable development, and it has becomes the ethical principle, and the objective and task of green chemistry were expounded. The decisive role of chemistry and chemical industry during the progress of promoting the sustainable development strategy were discussed and the thesis point out that it is the developmental orientation of environmental protection by applying green chemistry technology. At the same time the thesis is cognizant of that science itself has included unending exploration, and also is green chemistry. If we want to resolve the social and environmental problems, we must adjust properly the relation between sciences and liberal arts. The thesis consider that Chinese sustainable development need green concept, such as establishing sustainable system, applying green science and technology and using green system to supervise the function of society. Facing the perplexing global environmental problems, the thesis brings forward that all of the world must unite in resolving the common problems. International society has done a lot of active efforts in some field which boost the harmony of science and technology, society and environment.

In the absence of awareness social development and nature of the relationship between protection of the ecological environment, we have obtained from nature far exceed the carrying capacity of the ecological environment, human nature is constant retaliation by various natural disasters to the frequent occurrence of human caused huge economic losses of natural resources are depleted, making inter-country and inter-regional resources on the increasingly fierce competition, even to the point of waging wa。Natural ecological resources and the environment destruction and deterioration of the human society is the fatal blow。Therefore, the protection of the ecological environment is to protect our own human、For human use and the natural ecological environment is the most fundamental purpose of self development, in order to gain more economic benefits, this is the environment has been damaged the most fundamental of human reason .Ecological compensation system is a source control from the various interest groups between the economic interests of rational allocation of natural resources to economic interests as the guide, people consciously guidelines and reasonable utilization and ecological protection .Ecological compensation system can solve environmental protection and the sustainable development of social contradictions and ease the economic development of the enormous pressure of the ecological environment, to the natural environment of rational resource allocation, adjust the imbalance between the various groups interests, and promote the building of a harmonious society, achieving sustainable social development of the national strategic objectives.At present, China is not only strongly urge the economic development and the pressing need to protect the ecological environment of a crucial period, the paper’s goal is to write at this moment to the theory of Chinese establishment of a sound ecological compensation system put forward some recommendations to guide the next phase of practice work.This paper is divided into four parts .In the first part ,first inspecting the domestic and international ecological compensation mechanism for the study and practice the status quo. Papers on the second part of the concept of ecological compensation system for the interpretation, analysis, and then pointed out that ecological compensation mechanism is the nature of coordination of interests, and finally the establishment of ecological compensation mechanism for the implementation of the theoretical basis for a detailed exposition. In the third part of the next in-depth study on Chinese current ecological compensation mechanism for the implementation of the status quo, and then from the lack of an overall ecological compensation planning, the relevant legal system is not complete, the compensation heavy , light compensation market , heavy short-term economic compensation, the Light afford to compensate the long-term development, the lack of stakeholder participation mechanisms five discussed the existence of deficiencies. Finally, in the fourth part of the implementation of Chinese future ecological compensation system in a detailed policy design, pointed out that in the future the research and implementation process should be guided by the principles of sustainable development and the principle of fairness and efficiency, and strengthening the ecological compensation in the functions, and establish and improve the ecological environment compensation legal systems, and expand market mechanism for the regulation of ecological compensation, as well as other relevant policies and make good the coordination of the four aspects are discussed in detail, raised gradually improve Chinese ecological compensation system concept.

Sustainable development has become one important basic national policy in our country.Since the reform and opening,the fast developed society and econonmy has improved human living.However,the eco-environment is being deteriorated constantly.So how to valuate the state of sustainable development quantitively is very meaningful for Hubei.The paper first retrospects the background and meaning of sustainable development,then introduces the concept of ecological footprint produced by William and Wackernagel,and calculates the ecological footprint of Hubei province from the year 1995 to 2006 on the basis of statistical data.It also calculates the ecological footprint per ten thousands yuan GDP,the ecological pressure index,diversity and development ability of ecological footprint,ere to measure the degree of sustainable development.The per capita ecological footprint has increased from 1.7538gha/cap in 1995 to 2.3356gha/cap in 2006,by rising 33.17%.However,the fossil energy land has the the biggest proportions.The per capita ecological capacity has decreased from 0.8218gha/cap in 1995 to 0.7047gha/cap in 2006,by decreasing 14.25%.While,the farm land has the the biggest proportionsThe ecological deficit has increased steadily from 0.9276gha/cap in 1995 to 1.6309gha/cap in 2006,by rising 75.82%.Namely,it isn’t in state of sustainable development,and maybe the trend of ecological deficit will keep for some years.The ecological footprint per ten thousands yuan GDP of Hubei province has been decreasing,but there is also a long hard way to improving resource utilization ratio.The increasing ecological pressure index has prevented the economy development.Enhancing the diversity of ecological footprint is a key problem for Hubei province to achieve sustainable development.Development ability of ecological footprint has been increasing, but at the cost of increasing ecological footprint.Through the previous analysis,some suggestions are put forward as followings: strictly controlling the amount of population and improving the humanquality,changing people’s consume concept,enhancing people’s consciousness of sustainable development; decreasing in fossil energy resources to consume,taking every effert to protect waters and pasture land;strengthening the science plan and enhancing land use efficiency; coordinating industry structure,calling for circulated economy.

The sustainable development is the inevitable trend of our human society development ,it gained more and more attention in recent years .City as a com-ecosystem, it can’t without the coordinated of itself to achieve sustainable development. Although sustainable development and coordinated development are closely related, we can not equate sustainable development with coordinated development,otherwise it will lead the city develop deviating from the correct path ,so it is very importment to find out the relationship between theirThe paper bulit the sustainable development evaluation model on the base of sustainable development and complex carrying capacity theories. It evaluated the sustainable development state of Wuhan city and did a comparative analysis of the sustainable development with coordinated development of Wuhan city.The main content and conclusions of the thesis are as follows:(1) A model of urban sustainable development evaluation has been set up , and also indexes system .Taking Wuhan’s urban ecosystem from 1988 to 2005 as an example, the result indicates:the development of wuhan is become sustainable development from un- sustainable development.(2) Based on the urban com-ecosystem theory, The society, economics, resource-environment coordinated evaluation model was established with benefit-balance thoery,and the status of coordinated development from 1988 to 2005 in wuhan was evaluated with principle component analysis. It was showed that the urban ecosystem comprehensive development level improved steadily and coordinated development were facing tremendous pressure.The coordinated development indexes are depression, and the trend of development is not stable, also, the situation is not good. From 1988 to 1999,wuhan is in awful disorders or excessive disorders, and from 2000 the situation is taking a good ture, the condition in 2005 tured to barely coordination.(3) Using correlation analysis to find out the relationship between sustainable development and coordinated development of Wuhan city.It shows that there was a positive correlation between coordinated development and relative carrying capacity,but the correlation between coordinated development and the change of carrying capacity is not obvious ,This indicats:to improve the coordinated development helps the arrival of sustainable development ,but we should not only do this to realize sustainable development.(4) The importment influential factors of sustainable development and coordinated development of Wuhan city were selected by grey incidence analysis.Based on this,the tendency of the sustainable development and coordinated development were simulated with BP neural network.It found that the development of wuhan will be sustainable and coordinated,but it could not reach the state of good coordinated developmen in 2020. In the end, based on the result of estimating and forecasting model, the recommendations on Wuhan were given.